I experienced the very same results every day. This website does not provide, and should not be used for, medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); It is based on amphetamine aspartate; amphetamine sulfate; dextroamphetamine saccharate; dextroamphetamine sulfate and alpha - gpc (the active ingredients of Adderall and L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine, respectively), and Adderall and L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine (the brand names). ( A , B ) alpha-diversity:, Bacterial taxa in mouse cecum that significantly correlate to either plasma TMAO level, GPC increases expression of the pro-inflammatory chemokine CXCL13/BCA-1 and cytokine TIMP-1. [23], Enea Traini, Vincenzo Bramanti, Francesco Amenta, G Gatti, N Barzaghi, G Acuto, G Abbiati, T Fossati, E Perucca, Lena Marcus, Jason Soileau, Lawrence W Judge, David Bellar, David Bellar, Nina R LeBlanc, Brian Campbell, Amy M Brownawell, Edward L Carmines, Federica Montesano, Gyeongsil Lee, Seulggie Choi, Jooyoung Chang, Daein Choi, Joung Sik Son, Kyuwoong Kim, Sung Min Kim, Seogsong Jeong, Sang Min Park, Zeneng Wang, Jennie Hazen, Xun Jia, Elin Org, Yongzhong Zhao, Lucas J Osborn, Nisreen Nimer, Jennifer Buffa, Miranda K Culley, Daniel Krajcik, Bert-Jan H van den Born, Koos Zwinderman, Bruce S Levison, Max Nieuwdorp, Aldons J Lusis, Joseph A DiDonato, Stanley L Hazen, Seyed Khosrow Tayebati, Daniele Tomassoni, Antonio Di Stefano, Piera Sozio, Laura Serafina Cerasa, Francesco Amenta, Francesco Amenta, Seyed Khosrow Tayebati, Daniela Vitali, Maria Antonietta Di Tullio, C M Lopez, S Govoni, F Battaini, S Bergamaschi, A Longoni, C Giaroni, M Trabucchi, Tayebati SK, Tomassoni D, Nwankwo IE, Di Stefano A, Sozio P, Cerasa LS, Amenta F, Armah CN, Sharp P, Mellon FA, Pariagh S, Lund EK, Dainty JR, Teucher B, Fairweather-Tait SJ, Gatti G, Barzaghi N, Acuto G, Abbiati G, Fossati T, Perucca E, Parnetti L, Mignini F, Tomassoni D, Traini E, Amenta F, Di Perri R, Coppola G, Ambrosio LA, Grasso A, Puca FM, Rizzo M, Amenta F, Tayebati SK, Vitali D, Di Tullio MA, Tayebati SK, Di Tullio MA, Tomassoni D, Amenta F, Amenta F, Carotenuto A, Fasanaro AM, Rea R, Traini E, Kawamura T, Okubo T, Sato K, Fujita S, Goto K, Hamaoka T, Iemitsu M, Klein J, Gonzalez R, Kppen A, Lffelholz K, Abbiati G, Fossati T, Lachmann G, Bergamaschi M, Castiglioni C, Sigala S, Imperato A, Rizzonelli P, Casolini P, Missale C, Spano P, Aleppo G, Nicoletti F, Sortino MA, Casabona G, Scapagnini U, Canonico PL, Schettini G, Ventra C, Florio T, Grimaldi M, Meucci O, Scorziello A, Postiglione A, Marino A, Lopez CM, Govoni S, Battaini F, Bergamaschi S, Longoni A, Giaroni C, Trabucchi M, Tayebati SK, Tomassoni D, Di Stefano A, Sozio P, Cerasa LS, Amenta F, Tomassoni D, Catalani A, Cinque C, Di Tullio MA, Tayebati SK, Cadoni A, Nwankwo IE, Traini E, Amenta F, Canal N, Franceschi M, Alberoni M, Castiglioni C, De Moliner P, Longoni A, Ferraro L, Tanganelli S, Marani L, Bianchi C, Beani L, Siniscalchi A, Beani L, Bianchi C, Tanganelli S, Antonelli T, Simonato M, Rando S, Hoffman JR, Ratamess NA, Gonzalez A, Beller NA, Hoffman MW, Olson M, Purpura M, Jger R, Nelson TJ, Sun MK, Hongpaisan J, Alkon DL, Ren SQ, Yan JZ, Zhang XY, Bu YF, Pan WW, Yao W, Tian T, Lu W, Govoni S, Battaini F, Lucchi L, Pascale A, Trabucchi M, Lucchi L, Pascale A, Battaini F, Govoni S, Trabucchi M, Govoni S, Lucchi L, Battaini F, Trabucchi M, Nitsch R, Pittas A, Blusztajn JK, Slack BE, Growdon JH, Wurtman RJ, Walter A, Korth U, Hilgert M, Hartmann J, Weichel O, Hilgert M, Fassbender K, Schmitt A, Klein J, Yang X, Sheng W, He Y, Cui J, Haidekker MA, Sun GY, Lee JC, Gentile MT, Reccia MG, Sorrentino PP, Vitale E, Sorrentino G, Puca AA, Colucci-D'Amato L, Milanesi L, Sheynis T, Xue WF, Orlova EV, Hellewell AL, Jelinek R, Hewitt EW, Radford SE, Saibil HR, Parnetti L, Abate G, Bartorelli L, Cucinotta D, Cuzzupoli M, Maggioni M, Villardita C, Senin U, Barbagallo Sangiorgi G, Barbagallo M, Giordano M, Meli M, Panzarasa R, Ceda GP, Ceresini G, Denti L, Marzani G, Piovani E, Banchini A, Tarditi E, Valenti G, Agarwal N, Sung YH, Jensen JE, daCunha G, Harper D, Olson D, Renshaw PF, Babb SM, Wald LL, Cohen BM, Villafuerte RA, Gruber SA, Yurgelun-Todd DA, Renshaw PF, Silveri MM, Dikan J, Ross AJ, Jensen JE, Kamiya T, Kawada Y, Renshaw PF, Yurgelun-Todd DA, Hurrell RF, Reddy MB, Juillerat M, Cook JD, Troesch B, Egli I, Zeder C, Hurrell RF, de Pee S, Zimmermann MB, Learn more about why we did this in inflationary times, Choline alphoscerate (alpha-glyceryl-phosphoryl-choline) an old choline- containing phospholipid with a still interesting profile as cognition enhancing agent, A comparative study of free plasma choline levels following intramuscular administration of L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine and citicoline in normal volunteers, Cognitive improvement in mild to moderate Alzheimer's dementia after treatment with the acetylcholine precursor choline alfoscerate: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, The effects of alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine, caffeine or placebo on markers of mood, cognitive function, power, speed, and agility, Evaluation of the effects of two doses of alpha glycerylphosphorylcholine on physical and psychomotor performance, The effect of 6 days of alpha glycerylphosphorylcholine on isometric strength, Safety assessment of AGPC as a food ingredient, Impact of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) metaorganismal pathway on cardiovascular disease, Association of L- Glycerylphosphorylcholine With Subsequent Stroke Risk After 10 Years, The Nutritional Supplement L-Alpha Glycerylphosphorylcholine Promotes Atherosclerosis, Effect of choline-containing phospholipids on brain cholinergic transporters in the rat, Association with the cholinergic precursor choline alphoscerate and the cholinesterase inhibitor rivastigmine: an approach for enhancing cholinergic neurotransmission, Changes in the interaction between CNS cholinergic and dopaminergic neurons induced by L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine, a cholinomimetic drug, Effect of a new cognition enhancer, alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine, on scopolamine-induced amnesia and brain acetylcholine, Modulation of monoaminergic transporters by choline-containing phospholipids in rat brain, Dietary choline: biochemistry, physiology, and pharmacology, Revisiting choline alphoscerate profile: a new, perspective, role in dementia, Purification of L-alpha glycerylphosphorylcholine by column chromatography, L-alpha-glycerophosphocholine contributes to meat's enhancement of nonheme iron absorption, The isolation of alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine from incubated beef pancreas; its significance for the intermediary metabolism of lecithin, Simplified preparation of L-alpha-glyceryl phosphoryl choline, Concentrations of Choline-Containing Compounds and Betaine in Common Foods, Cholinergic precursors in the treatment of cognitive impairment of vascular origin: ineffective approaches or need for re-evaluation, A multicentre trial to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine versus cytosine diphosphocholine in patients with vascular dementia, Neuroprotective effect of treatment with galantamine and choline alphoscerate on brain microanatomy in spontaneously hypertensive rats, The ASCOMALVA trial: association between the cholinesterase inhibitor donepezil and the cholinergic precursor choline alphoscerate in Alzheimer's disease with cerebrovascular injury: interim results, Studies on the phospholipases of rat intestinal mucosa, Lecithinase and lysolecithinase of intestinal mucosa, The mechanism of intestinal absorption of phosphatidylcholine in rats, The transphosphatidylation activity of phospholipase D, Intestinal absorption of polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine in the rat, Transesterification of lysolecithin in the intestinal mucosa of rats, Glycerophosphocholine enhances growth hormone secretion and fat oxidation in young adults, Choline-containing phospholipids: relevance to brain functional pathways, Free choline and choline metabolites in rat brain and body fluids: sensitive determination and implications for choline supply to the brain, Membrane breakdown in acute and chronic neurodegeneration: focus on choline-containing phospholipids, Absorption, tissue distribution and excretion of radiolabelled compounds in rats after administration of {14C}-L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine, L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine antagonizes scopolamine-induced amnesia and enhances hippocampal cholinergic transmission in the rat, Chronic L-alpha-glyceryl-phosphoryl-choline increases inositol phosphate formation in brain slices and neuronal cultures, Molecular mechanisms mediating the effects of L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine, a new cognition-enhancing drug, on behavioral and biochemical parameters in young and aged rats, Effects of cholinergic enhancing drugs on cholinergic transporters in the brain and peripheral blood lymphocytes of spontaneously hypertensive rats, Effect of L-alpha-glyceryl-phosphorylcholine on amnesia caused by scopolamine, Evidence for an in vivo and in vitro modulation of endogenous cortical GABA release by alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine, Noradrenergic modulation of cortical acetylcholine release is both direct and gamma-aminobutyric acid-mediated, Inversion of the alpha-2 and alpha-1 noradrenergic control of the cortical release of acetylcholine and gamma-aminobutyric acid in morphine-tolerant guinea pigs, The effects of acute and prolonged CRAM supplementation on reaction time and subjective measures of focus and alertness in healthy college students, Insulin, PKC signaling pathways and synaptic remodeling during memory storage and neuronal repair, PKC is critical in AMPA receptor phosphorylation and synaptic incorporation during LTP, PKC translocation in rat brain cortex is promoted in vivo and in vitro by alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine, a cognition-enhancing drug, Cognition stimulating drugs modulate protein kinase C activity in cerebral cortex and hippocampus of adult rats, PKD at the crossroads of DAG and PKC signaling, Protein kinase C increase in rat brain cortical membranes may be promoted by cognition enhancing drugs, Alterations of phospholipid metabolites in postmortem brain from patients with Alzheimer's disease, Choline metabolism as a basis for the selective vulnerability of cholinergic neurons, "Autocannibalism" of choline-containing membrane phospholipids in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease-A hypothesis, Glycerophosphocholine is elevated in cerebrospinal fluid of Alzheimer patients, Secretory phospholipase A2 type III enhances alpha-secretase-dependent amyloid precursor protein processing through alterations in membrane fluidity, Role of cytosolic calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis, Direct three-dimensional visualization of membrane disruption by amyloid fibrils, A neurotropic approach to the treatment of multi-infarct dementia using L--glycerylphosphorylcholine, Choline alphoscerate in cognitive decline and in acute cerebrovascular disease: an analysis of published clinical data, Multicentre study of l-alpha-glyceryl-phosphorylcholine vs ST200 among patients with probable senile dementia of Alzheimer's type, alpha-Glycerophosphocholine in the mental recovery of cerebral ischemic attacks. It has been noted that Alpha-GPC (150mg/kg) is able to increase dopamine concentrations in the frontal cortex and cerebellum of rats following ingestion which was not seen with an equal dose of choline from CDP-choline[16] and the dopamine metabolite DOPAC has been noted to be increased in the striatum. Basically, it includes natural chemicals as well as their receptors in the brains prefrontal cortex. 2022 Nov;59(11):6684-6700. doi: 10.1007/s12035-022-02990-5. WARNING: Please DO NOT STOP MEDICATIONS without first consulting a physician since doing so could be hazardous to your health. (. However, the currently available evidence is preliminary in nature, so randomized controlled trials and large cohort studies are needed to confirm these findings. It originates from the water hyssop. Most choline supplement brands for both alpha-GPC and citicoline recommend taking 6001,200 mg per day, which is equivalent to two capsules twice per It is possible that alpha-GPC decreases the effects of scopolamine, but it's not clear if this actually happens. Bacopa. However generally, I mored than happy with the impacts.. [76] This was attributed to the cholinergic properties of Alpha-GPC[76] and can occur without exogenous stimulation by GHRH. 2023 eHealthMe.com. Alpha-GPC is a supplement that may increase brain levels of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter? The peak effect is observed using 600 Our phase IV clinical studies alone cannot establish cause-effect relationship. P. mirabilis , E., GPC is abundant in the gut. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 1992;30:331-5. Alpha Brain was made with both of these goals in mind. However, regarding thirty minutes later on, I started really feeling more concentrated. Alpha-GPC more directly supplies choline for the production of acetylcholine . (, Untargeted metabolomic analysis of plasma metabolites in GPC supplemented chow diet-fed mice versus control chow diet-fed mice. View abstract. Thank you, man! It combines active ingredients that help your brain work better. Nonetheless, the Alpha Brain impacts positively stunned me. [39] One trial in otherwise healthy adults given 1,000mg Alpha-GPC noted that plasma choline increased 30-120 minutes postingestion (returning to baseline at 4 hours) and the spike in growth hormone was only reported at 60 minutes (from 1.4+/-1.6 to 4.5+/-2.7ng/mL; 221% increase) which normalized at 120 minutes. It generally outperforms the same dosage of CDP-choline. [1] Alpha-GPC appears to easily cross the blood-brain barrier and is rapidly absorbed. This information may not fit your specific health circumstances. GPC can be efficiently metabolized to TMA and choline after incubation with intestinal, Similarity of GPC to choline as a precursor to produce TMA. It creates a boost in acetylcholine which is among the primary chemicals our nerves utilize to communicate. (2014). [23], Alpha-GPC does not appear to possess mutagenic activity. [9], A 2021 cohort study of more than 12 million participants (at least 50 years old), including 108,877 alpha-GPC users, reported that alpha-GPC use for at least 12 months was associated with an increased risk of stroke over 10 years. I do not know whether it was due to the fact that I was obtaining more things done, but I likewise found myself in a far better mood when using it. (, GPC activates NFB and MAPK signaling in HCAEC. I also tried 3 Alpha BRAIN capsules eventually, however the results resembled taking two pills.. There are many nootropics available that offer total formula openness why use one that doesnt? Create an account to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations. Nonetheless lately, this title has actually been even more warranted by providing us reason to think that it additionally functions as an exercise supplement. Moreover, every job calls for substantial thinking and also emphasis to finish. WebIt can cause some side effects including nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, dry mouth, constipation, sweating, and blurred vision. It is phosphatidylcholine (a lecithin molecule) without its two fatty acids. It is a precursor to acetylcholine an essential neurotransmitter involved in memory, cognition, It is important to discuss safety issues with your physician before taking any new supplement or medication. If you determine to begin making use of nootropics, after that utilize them intelligently. Original article: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4595564/. All rights reserved. and transmitted securely. J. Agric. Results indicated significant interaction effects for improvement in delayed verbal recall for the AlphaBrain(TM)group,F(1.61) = 4.07, p < 0.05, partial eta squared =0.06. a cholinergic compound that is used for cognitive-enhancement, and to increase power output in athletes. OTHER NAME(S): Alfa-GPC, Alpha Glycerol Phosphoryl Choline, Alpha, Alpha-GPC (L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine) is a chemical made in the body from choline. The use of Alpha BRAINfor 6-weeks significantly improved recent verbal memory and executive function when compared with controls, in a group of healthy adults aged 18-35. Your healthcare provider and pharmacist can check for potential interactions. [75] The increase appeared to be significantly more than placebo when measured immediately and up to 15 minutes after exercise cessation, normalizing at 60 minutes. This copyrighted material is provided by Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Consumer Version. These data are consistent with a reduction in fecal and cecal short chain fatty acids in GPC-fed mice. It is created by eHealthMe based on reports the from the FDA, and is updated regularly. My thoughts come to me as if I were to speak or take actions and in a split second it's gone, and I'm beating my self up over what it is that I just forgot that I had to say or do. [19] Due to this synthesis and the source, it is sometimes referred to as a semisynthetic derivative of lecithin. Appears to be protective against cholinergic toxins. Adderall has not been found to interact negatively with any supplements. No interactions were found between Adderall and vitamins, including Vitamin D, Vitamin C, Vitamin B12, and niacin (B3). Adderall has also never been found to negatively interact with any minerals commonly found in multivitamin or nootropic supplement stacks. Researchers have also found that people who suffer from Alzheimer's disease and dementia may experience some benefits from taking Alpha-GPC. The Role of a Gut Microbial-Derived Metabolite, Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO), in Neurological Disorders. Alpha Brain (capsules) sets you back $35 for a 30 matter, $60 for a 60 matter as well as $80 for a 90 count. In summary, our results show GPC promotes atherosclerosis through multiple mechanisms and that caution should be applied when using GPC as a nutritional supplement. Different individuals may respond to medication in different ways. The increased quantity of neurotransmitters after that affix to the receptors and provoke activity. The goal of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a self-described cognitive enhancing nutraceutical on cognitive functioning in a group of healthy adults by utilizing a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled design. Lindskog Jonsson A, Caesar R, Akrami R, Reinhardt C, Fk Hllenius F, Born J, Bckhed F. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. This instability (albeit mild) can impact my mental health and/or really put a damper on some days. Impact of Gut Microbiota and Diet on the Development of Atherosclerosis in Apoe, Urinary TMAO Levels Are Associated with the Taxonomic Composition of the Gut Microbiota and with the Choline TMA-Lyase Gene (. L-alpha glycerylphosphorylcholine (GPC), a nutritional supplement, has been demonstrated to improve neurological function. Bivariate analysis indicated no significant differences between groups on any demographic variables and both groups demonstrated excellent supplement adherence (> 90%). Results No evidence directly assessing the interactions of Alpha-GPC and glutaminergic neurotransmission, but theoretically it can be neuroprotective (a trait common to choline containing compounds), Alpha-GPC has been implicated in GABA release via the noradrenergic system. Li X, Su C, Jiang Z, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Yang M, Zhang X, Du Y, Zhang J, Wang L, Jiang J, Hong B. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes. (2018), Lopez CM, Govoni S, Battaini F et al. To some extent, Alpha Brain can be helpful. -, Gatti G., Barzaghi N., Acuto G., Abbiati G., Fossati T., Perucca E. A comparative study of free plasma choline levels following intramuscular administration of L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine and citicoline in normal volunteers. For Alzheimers trials, patients have taken 400mg three times per day (1200mg total) [4]. The molar mass of Alpha-GPC is 257.221g, and is 40% choline by weight (ie. Our original studies have been referenced on 600+ medical publications including The Lancet, Mayo Clinic Proceedings, and Nature. Clin Ther 2003;25:178-93. 2019 Dec 25;12(1):62. doi: 10.3390/nu12010062. Voigt RM, Wang Z, Brown JM, Engen PA, Naqib A, Goetz CG, Hall DA, Metman LV, Shaikh M, Forsyth CB, Keshavarzian A. Neurobiol Dis. National Library of Medicine Enea Traini, Vincenzo Bramanti, Francesco Amenta, G Gatti, N Barzaghi, G Acuto, G Abbiati, T Fossati, E Perucca, Lena Marcus, Jason Soileau, Lawrence W Judge, David Bellar, David Bellar, Nina R LeBlanc, Brian Campbell, Amy M Brownawell, Edward L Carmines, Federica Montesano, Gyeongsil Lee, Seulggie Choi, Jooyoung Chang, Daein Choi, Joung Sik Son, Kyuwoong Kim, Sung Min Kim, Seogsong Jeong, Sang Min Park, Zeneng Wang, Jennie Hazen, Xun Jia, Elin Org, Yongzhong Zhao, Lucas J Osborn, Nisreen Nimer, Jennifer Buffa, Miranda K Culley, Daniel Krajcik, Bert-Jan H van den Born, Koos Zwinderman, Bruce S Levison, Max Nieuwdorp, Aldons J Lusis, Joseph A DiDonato, Stanley L Hazen, Seyed Khosrow Tayebati, Daniele Tomassoni, Antonio Di Stefano, Piera Sozio, Laura Serafina Cerasa, Francesco Amenta, Francesco Amenta, Seyed Khosrow Tayebati, Daniela Vitali, Maria Antonietta Di Tullio, C M Lopez, S Govoni, F Battaini, S Bergamaschi, A Longoni, C Giaroni, M Trabucchi, Tayebati SK, Tomassoni D, Nwankwo IE, Di Stefano A, Sozio P, Cerasa LS, Amenta F, Armah CN, Sharp P, Mellon FA, Pariagh S, Lund EK, Dainty JR, Teucher B, Fairweather-Tait SJ, Gatti G, Barzaghi N, Acuto G, Abbiati G, Fossati T, Perucca E, Parnetti L, Mignini F, Tomassoni D, Traini E, Amenta F, Di Perri R, Coppola G, Ambrosio LA, Grasso A, Puca FM, Rizzo M, Amenta F, Tayebati SK, Vitali D, Di Tullio MA, Tayebati SK, Di Tullio MA, Tomassoni D, Amenta F, Amenta F, Carotenuto A, Fasanaro AM, Rea R, Traini E, Kawamura T, Okubo T, Sato K, Fujita S, Goto K, Hamaoka T, Iemitsu M, Klein J, Gonzalez R, Kppen A, Lffelholz K, Abbiati G, Fossati T, Lachmann G, Bergamaschi M, Castiglioni C, Sigala S, Imperato A, Rizzonelli P, Casolini P, Missale C, Spano P, Aleppo G, Nicoletti F, Sortino MA, Casabona G, Scapagnini U, Canonico PL, Schettini G, Ventra C, Florio T, Grimaldi M, Meucci O, Scorziello A, Postiglione A, Marino A, Lopez CM, Govoni S, Battaini F, Bergamaschi S, Longoni A, Giaroni C, Trabucchi M, Tayebati SK, Tomassoni D, Di Stefano A, Sozio P, Cerasa LS, Amenta F, Tomassoni D, Catalani A, Cinque C, Di Tullio MA, Tayebati SK, Cadoni A, Nwankwo IE, Traini E, Amenta F, Canal N, Franceschi M, Alberoni M, Castiglioni C, De Moliner P, Longoni A, Ferraro L, Tanganelli S, Marani L, Bianchi C, Beani L, Siniscalchi A, Beani L, Bianchi C, Tanganelli S, Antonelli T, Simonato M, Rando S, Hoffman JR, Ratamess NA, Gonzalez A, Beller NA, Hoffman MW, Olson M, Purpura M, Jger R, Nelson TJ, Sun MK, Hongpaisan J, Alkon DL, Ren SQ, Yan JZ, Zhang XY, Bu YF, Pan WW, Yao W, Tian T, Lu W, Govoni S, Battaini F, Lucchi L, Pascale A, Trabucchi M, Lucchi L, Pascale A, Battaini F, Govoni S, Trabucchi M, Govoni S, Lucchi L, Battaini F, Trabucchi M, Nitsch R, Pittas A, Blusztajn JK, Slack BE, Growdon JH, Wurtman RJ, Walter A, Korth U, Hilgert M, Hartmann J, Weichel O, Hilgert M, Fassbender K, Schmitt A, Klein J, Yang X, Sheng W, He Y, Cui J, Haidekker MA, Sun GY, Lee JC, Gentile MT, Reccia MG, Sorrentino PP, Vitale E, Sorrentino G, Puca AA, Colucci-D'Amato L, Milanesi L, Sheynis T, Xue WF, Orlova EV, Hellewell AL, Jelinek R, Hewitt EW, Radford SE, Saibil HR, Parnetti L, Abate G, Bartorelli L, Cucinotta D, Cuzzupoli M, Maggioni M, Villardita C, Senin U, Barbagallo Sangiorgi G, Barbagallo M, Giordano M, Meli M, Panzarasa R, Ceda GP, Ceresini G, Denti L, Marzani G, Piovani E, Banchini A, Tarditi E, Valenti G, Agarwal N, Sung YH, Jensen JE, daCunha G, Harper D, Olson D, Renshaw PF, Babb SM, Wald LL, Cohen BM, Villafuerte RA, Gruber SA, Yurgelun-Todd DA, Renshaw PF, Silveri MM, Dikan J, Ross AJ, Jensen JE, Kamiya T, Kawada Y, Renshaw PF, Yurgelun-Todd DA, Hurrell RF, Reddy MB, Juillerat M, Cook JD, Troesch B, Egli I, Zeder C, Hurrell RF, de Pee S, Zimmermann MB, Learn more about why we did this in inflationary times, Choline alphoscerate (alpha-glyceryl-phosphoryl-choline) an old choline- containing phospholipid with a still interesting profile as cognition enhancing agent, A comparative study of free plasma choline levels following intramuscular administration of L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine and citicoline in normal volunteers, Cognitive improvement in mild to moderate Alzheimer's dementia after treatment with the acetylcholine precursor choline alfoscerate: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, The effects of alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine, caffeine or placebo on markers of mood, cognitive function, power, speed, and agility, Evaluation of the effects of two doses of alpha glycerylphosphorylcholine on physical and psychomotor performance, The effect of 6 days of alpha glycerylphosphorylcholine on isometric strength, Safety assessment of AGPC as a food ingredient, Impact of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) metaorganismal pathway on cardiovascular disease, Association of L- Glycerylphosphorylcholine With Subsequent Stroke Risk After 10 Years, The Nutritional Supplement L-Alpha Glycerylphosphorylcholine Promotes Atherosclerosis, Effect of choline-containing phospholipids on brain cholinergic transporters in the rat, Association with the cholinergic precursor choline alphoscerate and the cholinesterase inhibitor rivastigmine: an approach for enhancing cholinergic neurotransmission, Changes in the interaction between CNS cholinergic and dopaminergic neurons induced by L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine, a cholinomimetic drug, Effect of a new cognition enhancer, alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine, on scopolamine-induced amnesia and brain acetylcholine, Modulation of monoaminergic transporters by choline-containing phospholipids in rat brain, Dietary choline: biochemistry, physiology, and pharmacology, Revisiting choline alphoscerate profile: a new, perspective, role in dementia, Purification of L-alpha glycerylphosphorylcholine by column chromatography, L-alpha-glycerophosphocholine contributes to meat's enhancement of nonheme iron absorption, The isolation of alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine from incubated beef pancreas; its significance for the intermediary metabolism of lecithin, Simplified preparation of L-alpha-glyceryl phosphoryl choline, Concentrations of Choline-Containing Compounds and Betaine in Common Foods, Cholinergic precursors in the treatment of cognitive impairment of vascular origin: ineffective approaches or need for re-evaluation, A multicentre trial to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine versus cytosine diphosphocholine in patients with vascular dementia, Neuroprotective effect of treatment with galantamine and choline alphoscerate on brain microanatomy in spontaneously hypertensive rats, The ASCOMALVA trial: association between the cholinesterase inhibitor donepezil and the cholinergic precursor choline alphoscerate in Alzheimer's disease with cerebrovascular injury: interim results, Studies on the phospholipases of rat intestinal mucosa, Lecithinase and lysolecithinase of intestinal mucosa, The mechanism of intestinal absorption of phosphatidylcholine in rats, The transphosphatidylation activity of phospholipase D, Intestinal absorption of polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine in the rat, Transesterification of lysolecithin in the intestinal mucosa of rats, Glycerophosphocholine enhances growth hormone secretion and fat oxidation in young adults, Choline-containing phospholipids: relevance to brain functional pathways, Free choline and choline metabolites in rat brain and body fluids: sensitive determination and implications for choline supply to the brain, Membrane breakdown in acute and chronic neurodegeneration: focus on choline-containing phospholipids, Absorption, tissue distribution and excretion of radiolabelled compounds in rats after administration of {14C}-L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine, L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine antagonizes scopolamine-induced amnesia and enhances hippocampal cholinergic transmission in the rat, Chronic L-alpha-glyceryl-phosphoryl-choline increases inositol phosphate formation in brain slices and neuronal cultures, Molecular mechanisms mediating the effects of L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine, a new cognition-enhancing drug, on behavioral and biochemical parameters in young and aged rats, Effects of cholinergic enhancing drugs on cholinergic transporters in the brain and peripheral blood lymphocytes of spontaneously hypertensive rats, Effect of L-alpha-glyceryl-phosphorylcholine on amnesia caused by scopolamine, Evidence for an in vivo and in vitro modulation of endogenous cortical GABA release by alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine, Noradrenergic modulation of cortical acetylcholine release is both direct and gamma-aminobutyric acid-mediated, Inversion of the alpha-2 and alpha-1 noradrenergic control of the cortical release of acetylcholine and gamma-aminobutyric acid in morphine-tolerant guinea pigs, The effects of acute and prolonged CRAM supplementation on reaction time and subjective measures of focus and alertness in healthy college students, Insulin, PKC signaling pathways and synaptic remodeling during memory storage and neuronal repair, PKC is critical in AMPA receptor phosphorylation and synaptic incorporation during LTP, PKC translocation in rat brain cortex is promoted in vivo and in vitro by alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine, a cognition-enhancing drug, Cognition stimulating drugs modulate protein kinase C activity in cerebral cortex and hippocampus of adult rats, PKD at the crossroads of DAG and PKC signaling, Protein kinase C increase in rat brain cortical membranes may be promoted by cognition enhancing drugs, Alterations of phospholipid metabolites in postmortem brain from patients with Alzheimer's disease, Choline metabolism as a basis for the selective vulnerability of cholinergic neurons, "Autocannibalism" of choline-containing membrane phospholipids in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease-A hypothesis, Glycerophosphocholine is elevated in cerebrospinal fluid of Alzheimer patients, Secretory phospholipase A2 type III enhances alpha-secretase-dependent amyloid precursor protein processing through alterations in membrane fluidity, Role of cytosolic calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis, Direct three-dimensional visualization of membrane disruption by amyloid fibrils, A neurotropic approach to the treatment of multi-infarct dementia using L--glycerylphosphorylcholine, Choline alphoscerate in cognitive decline and in acute cerebrovascular disease: an analysis of published clinical data, Multicentre study of l-alpha-glyceryl-phosphorylcholine vs ST200 among patients with probable senile dementia of Alzheimer's type, alpha-Glycerophosphocholine in the mental recovery of cerebral ischemic attacks. 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