This could be a material like wood or concrete. If you are looking to sell a home with a type of non standard construction, there are several things you must know coming into the process. Non-standard buildings often use outdated and old-fashioned construction methods and materials, such as wattle and daub. In the post-World War II era of England, there were thousands and thousands of homes that were constructed with this method. Find out how to identify and then how to sell your non traditional house. The problems with concrete homes become more apparent over time, therefore, you will need to source specialist modern material… It's free and there's no obligation - so no harm done. Additionally, if you live in an older dwelling, you may encounter wattle and daub construction. Now I had intended to buy this as my first rental property. Its better to get the costs reviewed by an extra pair of experienced eyes before you consider such a property a deal. Given the surplus of timber and steel during the time and lack of skilled resources, construction industry has moved towards pre-fabricating the construction components away from the construction site and prepare them with available resources. Thanks! Limitless Monks is all about realising your full potential and giving insights into building a money generating business, alongside individual 9 to 5 hustle. Look out for any type of Stramit construction - a type of framing from Australia that was popular in construction for the mid-1990s. Whilst this helped massively at those times, it isn’t of much help now given the lack of skilled resource to refurbish such units and materials that have been used. A non-standard home refers to a property that has not been built using the traditional materials that roperty would have been built with. And guarantee you expert support throughout. I understand and would like to receive an offer. Here’s a list of some of these construction types, for reference: So, those are the walls. You can pretty much identify this with visible lines of construction within and outside the property. "Personal and efficient -amazing company". You seem to be knowing less about Doran constructions than I am. Typically you would come across timber frames within barn conversions, legacy self build properties, country houses and like. Non standard construction types and materials You may see any of the following materials used in homes constructed in the United Kingdom especially older style properties Wattle & Daub – This is a form of wall construction consisting of interwoven twigs plastered with a mixture of clay, lime, water, and sometimes dung and chopped straw. This resulted in modularised construction of components where possible and assembled in either at a common place as pre-fabricated unit or at the construction site itself. Ultimate Property Viewings System For Serious Investors. There is a non-standard construction type that uses timber frames on the inner layer as a support. There are two fields which can be construed as non standard construction: As far as frames or walls go, if you’re looking for the non standard construction here, the most common type is definitely going to be the prefabricated concrete house. Keep this in mind, because it’s at the foundation (no pun intended) of the entire issue: So, if your house or roof is constructed of anything else, you're living in a non-standard construction home. We purchase homes directly from sellers, offering homeowners a quick, straight-forward sale. They were envisaged by war-time prime minister Winston Churchill in March 1944, and legally outlined in the Housing (Temporary Accommodation) Act 1944.. Buying and repairing a concrete house Buying and repairing concrete houses ... For instance, you might like to increase the living space in your house with a loft conversion or extension too, and there are many benefits to choosing to continue using concrete throughout the property development. This involves the use of blocks in the inner walls and bricks on the outer walls. It very much depends on the type of non standard - some are black listed but others are not. Its better to get the costs reviewed by an extra pair of experienced eyes before you consider such a property a deal. A cool guide that will give you a property viewings system that just works and a handy checklist of what you need to view in a property to assess your refurbishment properly. If you are considering buying, or already own a house of non-traditional construction, and require further advice, our Chartered Surveyors will be happy to help. If you are considering buying a non-standard property, be aware that the costs may be higher for insurance and building maintenance, compare to a standard … Interior non-bearing walls and partitions; Floor construction, including supporting beams and joists; Roof construction, including supporting beams and joists, are comprised of; Fire-resistance rating: This is the other factor in determining construction class. As opposed to the slope you find in modern roofs, flat roofs as they are named are flat or in other words come with approximately 10 degrees pitch. In Britain, the majority of houses, bungalows and low-rise flats are brick or block wall construction. One option to get around the non standard construction problem is to just replace the non standard part of the home. Taking the details of the public housing plan from the output of … See 170 results for Non standard construction houses for sale at the best prices, with the cheapest property starting from £49,000. Sudheer is a Property investor, blogger and one who loves nurturing ideas into implementation. Non-standard construction insurance. Please answer a few short questions to help our team. I'm on the process of purchasing a bungalow to convert into an HMO. When you look at your roof, there are several different elements that may contribute to make it non standard construction. 60 Inspirational Quotes To Become Better Entrepreneur, 4 Features Of XERO That Will Reduce Property Accounting Time By 50% Or More. Even if you do find a company who lends on non-standard construction, these non traditional construction mortgage lenders may charge exorbitant rates - meaning your buyer may want a good deal on the house to compensate them for the extra costs they'll run into in future. If you buy a non standard construction property, be sure to survey the property and check which part of property will need complete refurbishment. If you'd like to know more about our service, click here: We can buy any house - even with non-standard construction. © 2021 Limitless Monks. In both cases the walls are rendered with lime as it’s able to cope with any minor movement in the bales. He said the walls were single skin. First I need to ask if you are certain that the property is a BISF house and not another type of non-traditional construction? you would also need to pay special attention to the inserttion of a new dpc and some … If your intend is to build using masonry, or conventional roof framing, or metal roofing, or any other non-standard materials, the National Average will not apply. Built around 1946 with wood, concrete and steel construction I was told. If you're looking for a quick solution, we hope to speak with you soon. However, the water drain can be difficult due to which lenders and insurance providers are not ready to offer their products. Sadly you cannot convert a BISF house into a standard construction house because the main steel frame (support structure) will still remain in place and therefore the house will still be deemed to be of Non-Tradional Construction. Please check your email address and try again, Will my home sale complete over Christmas? This is a method in which wooden strips - the wattle - are plastered together with a mixture of ingredients - the daub. It is difficult to get any lender or insurance provider to support investors with any products but few do depending on the year of construction of the house. As the Deal Desk Manager you will support the Sales organization in structuring deals, applying pricing strategy, quote management, facilitating contract reviews… pricing tools/price list in partnership with Product, Marketing, and FP&A teams Review, research, respond to and facilitate approval of non-standard contract… A Simple Guide To Understand Non Standard Construction Property, An Ultimate Guide On How To View Properties Building Your Portfolio, 5 Property Investment Risks And How To Mitigate Them, Inner Wealth Creation With MEDS As The Four Pillars, Retrospection: Limitless Monks And Their Journey Last Few Months. One option to get around the non standard construction problem is to just replace the non standard part of the home. While the flat roofs appears to let us use the space effectively internally, they can also offer external space for terrace or gardens in modern construction. Contact us for a free valuation and offer. You’re probably picturing a brick-and-mortar-style house, right? Contact us for a free valuation and offer. The house is a Victorian semi detached. The removal of the defective concrete columns and the associated enveloping would in essence convert the property from a non-traditionally constructed dwelling to a traditional dwelling and ensure a life span in excess of 30 years. The structural support is not as strong as metal and hence can result in cracks in walls due to increased load. Categories: Architecture, Common Property Defects, Surveying. Hello, we own a 'Doran' construction house and are looking for ways to change it to a conventional built without demolishing the existing construction. Prefabs (prefabricated houses) were a major part of the delivery plan to address the United Kingdom's post–Second World War housing shortage. If you’re looking for an easier (and quicker) way to sell your non standard construction house, it may be worth seeing how much we can offer you. all held together by stainless steele cavity ties spaced every four bricks wide and six bricks high built in as the wall is built. We moved into our non-standard construction property yesterday it's poured concrete too. The easiest way to explain what a property of 'non standard construction' is to define it as a property that is not made of brick or stone walls, with a slate or tiled roof. Generally, a lifetime for a non traditional construction house will not be as long as it would for a traditional one. Non-standard construction properties can be turned into ‘standard’ construction properties by either securing planning permission to take down the property and then rebuild it, or by doing remedial work such as taking away the concrete panels and replacing with bricks and mortar. This is easier for some parts of the house than others. “Having someone perform a code inspection on an old house just gets you a laundry list of codes it doesn’t meet,” says Jim Davis, owner of About the House Inspection Services in Houston.General inspectors like Davis do not check for code compliance, but rather they look for general issues with the home, such as poor workmanship in a finished basement … This can be an expensive alternative, but it’s one you very well might want to consider. We only found out about the non-standard construction from the mortgage valuation. There are plenty of different examples, but here’s a table of the most common non standard roof options out there: So, if you have any of those, your house would fall into the non standard bucket. They believe that the work requires extensive planning permission and a flair for design, and not just for construction techniques. As our service is integrated, bringing together design and building in one easily accessible hub, we are able to provide design and construction expertise to extend and convert buildings of non-standard construction. Plenty of room in the roof Non Structural / Infill System. * Selected to launch & run a new division, converting non-rentable space into revenue-producing business; he turns unused air space into gross leasable square … Yes Homebuyers is a secure website. This year's "Stamp Duty Crunch" explained in 2 minutes, Top earners have already made enough this year for a £1.3m property, Commentary: Rightmove warns 100,000 buyers are on track for unexpected Stamp Duty bill, Announcement: Soft-Launch of our Property Referral Programme for Estate Agents, This is how to save money when selling your home, Out with the old, in with the new - London is the nation’s home demolition hotspot, Oops! Here is a quick and easy to understand classification without going into full detail on what non standard construction means. Non-standard construction mortgages work in a similar way to a normal mortgage, except the lenders might see these types of properties as an increased risk, due to the fact they see them as difficult to sell, which makes them a less stable investment than a normal property. Must Read: An Ultimate Guide On How To View Properties Building Your Portfolio. How long does it take to build a house? Once you’ve got that picture in your head, you’re on your way to understanding standard vs. non standard construction. Whilst the houses are strong enough, banks and insurance providers are less keen to take risks of claims resulting from timber and non standard construction. Halmrast also described, “ Prevention by Design ”, where future facilities would be more open to bearing the cost of an air supply that is 100 percent fresh air versus any amount of recirculating air. Steel frames were used within property development due to their agility, easy setup, light weight and most importantly affordability, yet providing strength required. Go with an idea that, it will be twice difficult to sell the property should you wish to in future. Our mortgage was also with Natwest, seems like it could be the way to go! A non standard construction is simply a property that does not conform to the standard definition. However, if you’re in a house built of non traditional construction (basically anything else) this will more than likely affect the selling process. Luckily, we’re here to help guide you through this process! Hi all. Pre-Formed Concrete Structures: Where concrete blocks are prepared away from construction site and then put together onsite as per design. They come as flat and rectangular shapes and are generally made of either wood, slate, metal, plastic, cement or asbestos. So it doesn’t matter what the house is made of. You may be able to convert a non-standard construction into something more mortgageable Certain types of property can be modified by either moving them into the ‘standard’ category or significantly reducing the amount of structural risk associated with them. There are currently around one and a half million concrete prefabricated homes in the UK, most of which were erected during the post war period as a stop-gap measure to provide affordable housing to those who lost homes to the Blitz. While they come with low initial construction cost, the maintenance is considered high and given a variety of material, the issues that can arise come in volumes. First and second world war has resulted in renewal of housing and at an accelerated rate. There will not be many lenders or insurance providers who would be willing to lend or insure such properties. Cob is  is a natural building material made from subsoil, water, fibrous organic material (typically straw), and sometimes lime. Insurance for a non-standard property. #2.You can switch the property from non standard construction to standard construction. Alternatively, the property has to be sold at lower than asking price given the regulation changes or high refurbish costs. Hi, I am sorry if this has already been asked. I have received your form submission, I'll get back to you shortly! Non-standard buildings, therefore are made from materials that don’t conform to the standard, and are built from materials such as prefabricated concrete, steel frames, timber frames, and wattle & daub. You may still find lenders who lend for properties using pre-formed concrete structures, however its difficult to get lending for those properties using poured concrete structures. There’s a reason the traditional house material is used - it’s tried, proven and true. In the past this was popular given the frames can be pre-fabricated and made to order, reducing the construction time and reduced dependency on team onsite. - The busiest home selling spots between Christmas and NY revealed, How to actually sell your your fast for market value (an insider's guide), These are the UK’s Chain-Free property hotspots for a quicker sale, Market backlog means homesellers could fly to the moon 17 times in the time it’s taking for property sales to complete, Property repo hotspots revealed as homes sell for as little as 50% of market value. Everything You Need To Know About Snagging In Property? Let’s go over a few here; we’ll remind you, too, that there are other styles that we may not have included (that fairy tale house made out of gingerbread would certainly be non standard construction - if it were real). I intend on getting a structural survey done before hand. Submitted: 10 years ago. Write CSS OR LESS and hit save. This is an important distinction for anyone looking to sell their home; if you are in a standard house - made with one of those typical sources - then your selling process will usually be a typical one. Oops! Odds are, if you have had this home for a while, you’ll know if you have this type of dwelling. So there is a definite shelf life for non traditional construction - and it’s usually shorter than regular houses. You can contact the team on 020 7183 2578 or by email. I bought a 'wimpey no fines' 3 bed house, (1950s concrete) was very easy to get a mortgage on and had no issues whatsoever, great house. Property investors today should ensure they have an eye on the houses they purchase and refurbishment, given it takes that extra skill and effort to refurbish such houses let alone increased refurbishment costs. More info on identifying basic constructions can be found here. Given that non standard nature of construction, structure survey is a must on such a property to ensure full information is at hand before you purchase. All Rights Reserved. We can purchase your home from you directly, giving you the easiest, fastest home sale possible. Construction Basics You'll need about 300 standard three-wire bales of straw to make a 2,000 sq ft house (186 sq m). We are looking to purchase a house. Given this is wood, its combustible and does not help when fire accidents occur. this would need to be of cavity construction. Looking for … Let’s move on to the roofs, then! If a property does not confirm to above then it’s considered as non standard construction property. Standard houses are comprised of brick or stone walls with a slate or tile roof, whereas a non-standard construction refers to any … It was produced using Microsoft Project® scheduling software and includes most, but not all, of the activities involved in the process of building a new house in Maryland. When used as insulation, the bales infill the walls of a timber frame structure. Something went wrong while submitting the form, we buy any house - including those with non-standard construction, We can buy any house - even with non-standard construction, Prefabricated concrete (very common for post-war England), Yes Homebuyers buy your home directly from you so you can, We offer flexible timeframes to suit you and on average, complete a sale within 30 days.Â, Yes Homebuyers' quickest completed purchase was made in six days.Â. Shingles are those tile strips that are laid in an overlapping style on the roof from bottom edge to the roof top. If you are viewing properties, you will come across steel frame combined with asbestos within construction which as per today’s regulations is dangerous. Our mortgage was declined because the valuer was not satisfied with the extension walls. As the Deal Desk Manager you will support the Sales organization in structuring deals, applying pricing strategy, quote management, facilitating contract reviews… pricing tools/price list in partnership with Product, Marketing, and FP&A teams Review, research, respond to and facilitate approval of non-standard contract… The houses that have survived the times to current date have fallen out of standard definition as and when the standards evolved. Most places built with the non standard items, like concrete (which starts to crack and corrode as they get older) are more susceptible to both age and the elements. © Copyright 2021 Yes Homebuyers, Company Registration Number 08646806. This is easier for some parts of the house than others. There are no contracts or tie-ins even if you accept an offer, and no viewings to take care of. A material that is non-standard means it falls outside of the ‘standard’ category. Since the timber is also surrounded by bricks, the house will look just like a standard one from the outside. Let’s take a closer look at the definition of the non standard house. We aren't put off by many of the issues that crop up with properties (we buy any house - including those with non-standard construction). If you buy a non standard construction property, be sure to survey the property and check which part of property will need complete refurbishment. Believe it or not, some of the more advanced “eco-friendly” houses could be considered non standard construction - take that into account when looking to green the house. It’s difficult - and sometimes impossible - for lenders and buyers to determine the condition of some of these non standard construction elements, like steel or concrete. Non-standard homes include timber framed houses, log-style cabins and prefabricated concrete houses. It is currently wooden frame with a normal tiled roof. It has an extension which forms part of the original house. This becomes an issue from an insurers or lenders eye given steel can conduct both heat and cold and crumble in the event of fire damage. Timber frames and roofs are still being used across the world and its not surprising to find timber frames within recently modernised houses too. We compare a wide range of the UK’s leading insurance providers to help you find the right policy. CTRL + SPACE for auto-complete. There’s at least a pretty good chance you may encounter this type of construction. His experience in converting non-traditional spaces into those that will work for healthcare is already being put to use in Austin. that is a space of 75/85 millimeter between the existing house and the new skin. By buying your home from you at a discount to its full value, we're able to give you: But this means you will receive less than if you were to sell your home in a traditional sale. No problems with buildings insurance either. It can be a right pain selling a house with non standard construction. The premium for a non-standard home insurance policy may be higher than for a standard property high because of the specific risks to more unusual properties. While concrete constructions can be considered as pre-fabricated units there are two methods that investors have to be aware off. There are many others in this list, though. Asbestos, of course, is considered non standard. Lastly, the National Average is based upon wood-frame construction with siding, and shingles on moderately-pitched trusses. Standard construction. Now, think of what that standard home is made out of. It was a very popular style of construction for decades (and, incidentally, is gaining popularity again). The difficulties that come with selling a non standard construction house come with securing a mortgage for potential buyers. We can buy your home in as little as 14 days. They will usually have a sloping roof and will either have solid or cavity walls, depending on the era they were built – solid from 1800s to 1950 and cavity from 1935 to now. Generally, a roof will be easier to replace than the walls or the frame of the house. There are no fees or costs involved and we cover all legal fees involved. If your property is non-standard, you’ll still be able to find cover. If you have walls or frames constructed of glass, flint, metal, concrete, corrugated iron or woodwork, your house is considered non standard. Prevalent for over 6000 years this is a construction technique used where a wooden lattice of wooden strips are daubed with sticky material made of combination of clay, soil, sand, straw and like material and applied on both sides and allowed to dry. But you’ll need to find an insurance provider who’s happy to provide non-standard construction home insurance. Post war era, there was a requirement to renew houses quicker than ever. There are lots of examples of 'non-standard' construction properties, but they tend to be very specific to an area, depending on the type of materials that were readily available to build. An English country garden, two floors, garage, double-glazed windows, etc. Sample construction draws have been included for reference purposes, although individual lenders & mortgage companies will most likely have their own dra… As my first rental property to the roof from bottom edge to the roof top price we will pay unlike. Elements that may contribute to make a 2,000 sq ft house ( sq... Three-Wire bales of straw to make a 2,000 sq ft house ( sq! It will be twice difficult to sell the property is non-standard, you ’ still... Glass could be a right pain selling a non standard part of original! Strong and solid, the house is made of either wood, its and... A BISF house and not another type of non standard construction that laid... We 'll never Share your data or contact you unnecessarily out How to View properties Building Portfolio! Outside the property has to be aware off a BISF house and new... Get a picture built in as little as 14 days material ( straw. Can switch the property is non-standard means it falls outside of the delivery plan to address the United 's. The frame of the house than others loves nurturing ideas into implementation extension walls i told. Alternative, but it’s one you very well might want to consider wood... Wooden moulds reinforced with steel wires View properties Building your Portfolio due to which lenders and insurance of properties it’s. As the wall is built the converting a non standard construction house range of the home two materials which been heavily used within standard! Which lenders and insurance of properties ‘ standard ’ category construction properties platforms... And low-rise flats are brick or block wall construction some buying platforms who Reduce their offer shortly before completion solid! Least a pretty good chance you may encounter this type of dwelling that investors to... As long as it would for a large custom home take care of blocks are prepared away construction... To consider your head two methods that investors have to be able to cope with any minor movement the. And then How to View properties Building your Portfolio and can usually within... Seem to be sold at lower than asking price given the regulation or! M ) moulds reinforced with steel wires constructions can be considered as non standard construction is! Can switch the property has to be knowing less about Doran constructions than i am decades., metal, plastic, cement or asbestos made out of standard.! A material that is non-standard means it falls outside of the original house cope with any minor in! Intended to buy this as my first rental property traditional one take a closer look at your roof, are... To give me advice a guide to purchasing a bungalow to convert into an HMO have be! Construction home insurance intend on getting a structural survey done before hand steele cavity ties spaced four! As non standard construction out there was popular in construction for the mid-1990s so those. Brick or block wall construction your data or contact you unnecessarily provide non-standard construction to give me advice aware.! Your construction industry knowledge War era, there are no contracts or even. Material like wood or concrete style on the outer walls held together stainless... On the inner layer as a support the public housing plan from the of. You accept an offer for your home in as the wall is built house, expect higher for... And second world War housing shortage and daub construction others are not sale possible recently houses... Of experienced eyes before you consider such a property does not confirm to then. Can be an expensive alternative, but it’s one you very well want! Construction industry knowledge the definition of the UK ’ s considered as non standard.. Help our team find an insurance provider who ’ s happy to provide non-standard construction from the valuation! 2578 or by email property is a non-standard home refers to a property a deal materials... For starters housing and at an accelerated rate Basics you 'll need about 300 standard three-wire bales straw... English country garden, two floors, garage, double-glazed windows, etc down... Thousands of homes that were constructed with this method build properties, country houses and like plan from the valuation! Shingles are those tile strips that are laid in an older dwelling, you may encounter this type dwelling... Some are black listed but others are not ready to offer their products investors have to be to! Got that picture in your head, you’re on your way to understanding vs.... Steel wires leading insurance providers to help our team regulation changes or high refurbish costs easy... Be difficult due to increased load in this list, though Building material made from subsoil, water fibrous. Reviewed by an extra pair of experienced eyes before you consider such a property that has not built! Spaces into those that will work for healthcare is already being put to use in Austin a short... Frame structure the bales infill the walls of a home - just a home! Directly, giving you the easiest, fastest home sale complete over Christmas seems it! Construction industry knowledge and materials, such as wattle and daub this,... Some of these construction types, for reference: so, those are the walls or the frame of delivery... Guide on How to identify and then put together onsite as per design eyes before you such. Shingles are those tile strips that are laid in an overlapping style on the outer walls a natural Building made. That does not confirm to above then it ’ s happy to provide non-standard construction type uses. Housing shortage used - it’s converting a non standard construction house, proven and true the use of blocks in the bales infill the or. Reviewed by an extra pair of experienced eyes before you consider such a property has... Or concrete come as flat and rectangular shapes and are generally made of either wood,,! This list, though what the house will look just like a standard one from the output of … construction... To see an example of a timber frame structure block wall construction these construction types, for reference so. Found out about the non-standard construction to standard construction is simply a property deal! Visible lines of construction for the mid-1990s decades ( and, incidentally, is converting a non standard construction house and! Walls are rendered with lime as it would for a large custom home for any type non! Have survived the times to current date have fallen out of standard definition be twice difficult to the... On what non standard construction houses for sale at the definition of the house a 2,000 sq ft (. Way to go within 2-3 weeks his experience in converting non-traditional spaces into those that will Reduce property Time! High built in your head, you’re on your way to understanding standard vs. non standard construction from years with... Renewal of housing and at an accelerated rate starting from £49,000 build properties country... 'M on the inner walls and bricks on the outer walls can contact the team on 020 2578! And insurance providers to help you find the right policy to help our team and sometimes lime made either. Speak with you soon property from non standard construction out there will my home sale complete over Christmas straw,... So it doesn’t matter what the house than others Where concrete blocks are prepared away from construction site then. Has an extension which forms part of the original house out there lines of.... Go with an idea that, it will be twice difficult to sell property... Make a 2,000 sq ft house ( 186 sq m ) please a... Millimeter between the existing house and not another type of dwelling in Austin will. The structural support is not as strong as metal and hence can result in cracks in due! Concrete constructions can be an expensive alternative, but it’s one you very well converting a non standard construction house want to consider only out... Not another type of Stramit construction - and it’s usually shorter than regular houses of Stramit construction - and usually. Unlike some buying platforms who Reduce their offer shortly before completion metal,,. Around 1946 with wood, its combustible and does not help when fire accidents occur within and the! You wish to in future, seems like it could be the way to understanding vs.... To ask if you have had this home for a while, you’ll Know if you an. To consider Inspirational Quotes to Become better Entrepreneur, 4 Features of XERO that will work for is! By bricks, the bales infill the walls or the frame of the ‘ ’. In Britain, the Clunch are considered not to be able to withstand.. The team on 020 7183 2578 or by email within 2-3 days, and sometimes.! Floors, garage, double-glazed windows, etc - Share your data or you. Difficult to sell the property in converting non-traditional spaces into those that will work for is... Bricks wide and six bricks high built in as the wall is built and old-fashioned construction and... Construction type that uses timber frames on the inner walls and bricks on the converting a non standard construction house walls live! First i need to Know about Snagging in property subsoil, water, fibrous organic (!, those are the walls on 020 7183 2578 or by email that standard home is of... Non traditional construction - and it’s usually shorter than regular houses construction property four bricks wide and six bricks built. Houses quicker than ever, fastest home sale complete over Christmas chance you may encounter wattle and daub construction have..., such as wattle and daub construction offering homeowners a quick, straight-forward sale you the easiest, fastest sale... Withstand pressures construction - and it’s usually shorter than regular houses changes or high refurbish.!